Area of Study
Blood Vessels and Circulation
Learning Objectives
1. Explain the mechanisms that regulate
blood flow through capillaries, arteries and veins.
2. Describe the factors that influence
blood pressure and how blood pressure is regulated.
3. Discuss the mechanisms and various
pressures involved in the movement of fluids between capillaries and interstitial
spaces.
4. Describe how central and local control
mechanisms interact to regulate blood flow and pressure in tissues.
5. Identify the principle blood vessels
and the functional characteristics of the special circulation to the brain,
heart and lungs.
6. Explain how the activities of the cardiac,
vasomotor, and respiratory centers are coordinated to control blood flow
through the tissues.
7. Explain how the cardiovascular system
responds to the demands of exercise, hemorrhaging, and shock.
Directions
1. Work in pairs.
2. Each pair will be assigned a case.
3. Your task is to diagnose the problem
including a physiological explanation for the symptoms. Include a treatment
plan.
4. Prepare a poster to present your analysis.
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Case 1
Tina, the Tennis Pro
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Tina, the local tennis pro, is playing
tennis on a hot summer day in Florida. Normally, she drinks Gatorade to
quench his thirst, but she didn’t have a chance to get to the store so
she is drinking water whenever she gets a chance to run to the fountain.
By the end of the afternoon, Tina has a raging headache. She can feel her
blood pounding in her ears. She feels a bit nauseous as well. When
Tina gets home, her husband, a student of Dr. Henry’s A&P class, whips
out his sphygmomanometer and takes Tina’s blood pressure. Tina’s blood
pressure is 210/90. Explain what happened to Tina and how she should treat
the problem. |
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Case 2
Sally, the Stock Broker
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Sally has a family history of hypertension.
She is a 35 year old Stock Broker. Because of her stressful job, Sally
has not been able to quit smoking , although she would like to. She is
so busy at work that she normally eats fast food for lunch and dinner during
the work-week. She loves french fries. She has promised herself that she
would loose weight, but those extra 10 pounds have increase to 20 over
the past year. One afternoon, as Sally is running to turn in a stock trade
she experiences a sharp pain in her chest, it radiates down her left arm.
She stops in her tracks and rests for a while. The pain slowly stops.
She visits her physician the following day to ask what happened. Diagnose
the problem and pose a treatment plan for Sally. |
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Case 3
Mike, the Model
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Mike, a high fashion model for Speedo
swimsuits, sees a progressive appearance of a dark blue vein on the inside
of his left thigh. He is concerned because the vein is beginning to protrude
and he can’t continue to cover it up with makeup. His manager says
he will loose his contract with Speedo if he doesn’t have the problem treated.
Mike visits his physician. What is the diagnosis? How can it be treated?
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Case 4
Ralph, the Retiree
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Ralph is an 82 year old widower who lives
alone in a small apartment in Cape Coral. His children still live up north,
but they visit once a year. One afternoon Ralph is sitting in his living
room, watching CNN. He decides to get a drink from the kitchen but when
he tries to stand up he cannot move his left leg or arm. He touches his
face with his right hand and he can’t feel anything. He reaches the phone
and dials 911. An ambulance arrives and takes him to the emergency room.
After 45 minutes, Ralph recovers the ability to move his hand and leg.
And he recovers sensation in his face. He is kept in the hospital overnight
for tests. Diagnose the problem and pose a treatment plan for Ralph. |
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Case 5
April’s Appendix
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One afternoon April experiences a sharp
pain on the right side of her lower abdomen. The pain is not relieved by
aspirin or rest. April calls is sick for work. That evening, April calls
her mother to explain her symptoms. Her mother says it sounds like
appendicitis and tells April to go to the hospital. April says she doesn’t
feel that bad and takes more aspirin. She decides to wait until the
morning, before calling her doctor. She doesn’t want to go to the emergency
room, just to be told that she is having gas pains. During the night April
awakes sweating profusely. She feels like she has to vomit, but when she
tries to stand up to go to the bathroom she is so light headed that she
sits back on the bed and grabs the trash can. She takes her temperature,
which is 103 degrees Fahrenheit. She calls her neighbor Bob to see if he
can take her to the hospital. When he comes into the house, he finds April’s
color flushed and she is doubled over in pain. Bob rushes April to
the hospital. Diagnose April’s problem and pose a treatment plan. |
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Activity #15
A
poster that describe your diagnosis and treatment plan to the given case.
