Breakdown of a URL




http :// ruby.fgcu.edu /courses/ benefield/ 123456 / url.html































http


The letters to the left of the :// specify the protocol.
http is hypertext transfer protocol .
This might also be gopher, telnet, ftp, ...






























://


Just some syntax to separate the protocol (on the left) from the host (on the right).






























ruby.fgcu.edu


The part of the URL to the right of the :// that is composed of letter groups (or sometimes numbers) separated by dots is the name of the computer. In more technical terms, it is the domain name for the host (the numbers would be the IP address). The highest level domain in this case is edu. Some examples of high level domains are fr - France, de - Germany, gov - government, org - organization, com - commercial, edu - educational





























/courses/benefield/123456/


This is simply a DOS-like path structure. It specifies the name of all the sub-directories in the path to the HTML file. The server specifies which directory is considered the root directory and this may or may not be the real root directory; the default directory is the current one.
At FGCU course pages with instructional materials are located on the file server ruby, in a directory called courses, in a subdirectory with the instructor's name, in a subdirectory with the course CRN number.






























url.html


This specifies the name of the HTML file that the client renders into the page. Usually, if no HTML file is specified, the server will either send one that has been declared the default page or the server will produce an index of the files in that directory. Allowing a default page to be served offers a little more security.

At FGCU, if a file named "index.html" exists, it will be displayed as the default.